A Comparative Study on the Mutual Stereotyping of Essential Democratic Institutions Between China and the United States

Qi Zhu

doi:doi:10.11648/j.ellc.20180301.12

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A Comparative Study on the Mutual Stereotyping of Essential Democratic Institutions Between China and the United States

Qi Zhu

Published in English Language, Literature & Culture (Volume 3, Issue 1)

Received: 7 January 2018 Accepted: 22 January 2018 Published: 17 February 2018

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Abstract

With the multi-polarization trend of the world, the cooperation and conflicts between the superpower the United States and rising China have been augmenting simultaneously, among which the mutual criticism upon democracy turns out to be one of the most remarkable controversies. Bilateral condemnations concentrate on the judgment that the democracy of the counterpart is superficial, insufficient or even autocracy at all, therefore the mutual understandings of democracy in both countries appears harsh and prejudicial. Through analyzing and comparing the essential democratic institutions of the United States and China, similarities and differences in political practices of both countries are to be analyzed. On the basis of comparison, assisted by the Radial Network Model of Stereotypes, the process of stereotyping and prejudice on democracy is to be studied to discover its origin as bilateral political antagonism and hostility between different ideologies. From the perspective of Majority and Minority Identities, the development divergence and interaction between the minority identity of China’s democracy and majority identity of American democracy are examined, leading to the proposition of Identity-Empathy in democracy between the two countries.

Published in	English Language, Literature & Culture (Volume 3, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.ellc.20180301.12
Page(s)	7-13
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2018. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Democracy, Stereotype, Minority and Majority Identities

References

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[3]	Deng Xiaoping. Deng Xiaoping's anthology. Volume III Beijing: People's Publishing House, 1993.
[4]	Shi Xianzhi. An Analysis of the Role of Democracy in the U.S. Theoryetic Observation, 33 (2005): 20-21.
[5]	Wu Xiaona. Analysis of American Political System. Journal of HuBei Correspondence University, 3 (2009): 137-138.
[6]	Zhang Wenxian. Fully recognize the people's congress system and the essential difference between the western parliamentary system. People's network, 2009. 03. 12. .
[7]	Wong, Edward. Official in China Says Western-Style Democracy Won’t Take Root There. 2010. NewYork Times. 20 Mar. 2010. .
[8]	Stephan, Walter G. and Stephan, C. W. “Predicting Prejudice.” Intellectual Relations, 20 (1996): 409-426.
[9]	Martin, Judith N. and Nakayama, T. K. Intercultural Communication in Contexts. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2009.
[10]	Arasaratnam, L. A. “Further Testing of a New Model of Intercultural Communication Competence.” Communication Research Reports, 23 (2006): 93-99.
[11]	Wispe, L. “History of the Concept of Empathy.” In N. Eisenberg & Strayer (Eds.), Empathy and Its Development, (1987):17-37.
[12]	Deonna, J. A. “The Structure of Empathy.” Journal of Moral Philosophy, 4 (2007):99-116.
[13]	Chen Ling, “Empathy, Cultural Identity and Intercultural Understanding.” Intercultural Communication Research, 3 (2012):28-34.
[14]	Baxter, L. A. & Montgomery, B. M. Relating: Dialogues and Dialectics. New York: Guilford, 1996.

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APA Style

Qi Zhu. (2018). A Comparative Study on the Mutual Stereotyping of Essential Democratic Institutions Between China and the United States. English Language, Literature & Culture, 3(1), 7-13. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ellc.20180301.12

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ACS Style

Qi Zhu. A Comparative Study on the Mutual Stereotyping of Essential Democratic Institutions Between China and the United States. Engl. Lang. Lit. Cult. 2018, 3(1), 7-13. doi: 10.11648/j.ellc.20180301.12

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AMA Style

Qi Zhu. A Comparative Study on the Mutual Stereotyping of Essential Democratic Institutions Between China and the United States. Engl Lang Lit Cult. 2018;3(1):7-13. doi: 10.11648/j.ellc.20180301.12

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@article{10.11648/j.ellc.20180301.12,
  author = {Qi Zhu},
  title = {A Comparative Study on the Mutual Stereotyping of Essential Democratic Institutions Between China and the United States},
  journal = {English Language, Literature & Culture},
  volume = {3},
  number = {1},
  pages = {7-13},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ellc.20180301.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ellc.20180301.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ellc.20180301.12},
  abstract = {With the multi-polarization trend of the world, the cooperation and conflicts between the superpower the United States and rising China have been augmenting simultaneously, among which the mutual criticism upon democracy turns out to be one of the most remarkable controversies. Bilateral condemnations concentrate on the judgment that the democracy of the counterpart is superficial, insufficient or even autocracy at all, therefore the mutual understandings of democracy in both countries appears harsh and prejudicial. Through analyzing and comparing the essential democratic institutions of the United States and China, similarities and differences in political practices of both countries are to be analyzed. On the basis of comparison, assisted by the Radial Network Model of Stereotypes, the process of stereotyping and prejudice on democracy is to be studied to discover its origin as bilateral political antagonism and hostility between different ideologies. From the perspective of Majority and Minority Identities, the development divergence and interaction between the minority identity of China’s democracy and majority identity of American democracy are examined, leading to the proposition of Identity-Empathy in democracy between the two countries.},
 year = {2018}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Comparative Study on the Mutual Stereotyping of Essential Democratic Institutions Between China and the United States
AU  - Qi Zhu
Y1  - 2018/02/17
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ellc.20180301.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ellc.20180301.12
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PB  - Science Publishing Group
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AB  - With the multi-polarization trend of the world, the cooperation and conflicts between the superpower the United States and rising China have been augmenting simultaneously, among which the mutual criticism upon democracy turns out to be one of the most remarkable controversies. Bilateral condemnations concentrate on the judgment that the democracy of the counterpart is superficial, insufficient or even autocracy at all, therefore the mutual understandings of democracy in both countries appears harsh and prejudicial. Through analyzing and comparing the essential democratic institutions of the United States and China, similarities and differences in political practices of both countries are to be analyzed. On the basis of comparison, assisted by the Radial Network Model of Stereotypes, the process of stereotyping and prejudice on democracy is to be studied to discover its origin as bilateral political antagonism and hostility between different ideologies. From the perspective of Majority and Minority Identities, the development divergence and interaction between the minority identity of China’s democracy and majority identity of American democracy are examined, leading to the proposition of Identity-Empathy in democracy between the two countries.
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
ER  -

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Author Information

Qi Zhu

Department of International College for Chinese Studies, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China

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APA Style

Qi Zhu. (2018). A Comparative Study on the Mutual Stereotyping of Essential Democratic Institutions Between China and the United States. English Language, Literature & Culture, 3(1), 7-13. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ellc.20180301.12

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ACS Style

Qi Zhu. A Comparative Study on the Mutual Stereotyping of Essential Democratic Institutions Between China and the United States. Engl. Lang. Lit. Cult. 2018, 3(1), 7-13. doi: 10.11648/j.ellc.20180301.12

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AMA Style

Qi Zhu. A Comparative Study on the Mutual Stereotyping of Essential Democratic Institutions Between China and the United States. Engl Lang Lit Cult. 2018;3(1):7-13. doi: 10.11648/j.ellc.20180301.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.ellc.20180301.12,
  author = {Qi Zhu},
  title = {A Comparative Study on the Mutual Stereotyping of Essential Democratic Institutions Between China and the United States},
  journal = {English Language, Literature & Culture},
  volume = {3},
  number = {1},
  pages = {7-13},
  doi = {10.11648/j.ellc.20180301.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ellc.20180301.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ellc.20180301.12},
  abstract = {With the multi-polarization trend of the world, the cooperation and conflicts between the superpower the United States and rising China have been augmenting simultaneously, among which the mutual criticism upon democracy turns out to be one of the most remarkable controversies. Bilateral condemnations concentrate on the judgment that the democracy of the counterpart is superficial, insufficient or even autocracy at all, therefore the mutual understandings of democracy in both countries appears harsh and prejudicial. Through analyzing and comparing the essential democratic institutions of the United States and China, similarities and differences in political practices of both countries are to be analyzed. On the basis of comparison, assisted by the Radial Network Model of Stereotypes, the process of stereotyping and prejudice on democracy is to be studied to discover its origin as bilateral political antagonism and hostility between different ideologies. From the perspective of Majority and Minority Identities, the development divergence and interaction between the minority identity of China’s democracy and majority identity of American democracy are examined, leading to the proposition of Identity-Empathy in democracy between the two countries.},
 year = {2018}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - A Comparative Study on the Mutual Stereotyping of Essential Democratic Institutions Between China and the United States
AU  - Qi Zhu
Y1  - 2018/02/17
PY  - 2018
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ellc.20180301.12
DO  - 10.11648/j.ellc.20180301.12
T2  - English Language, Literature & Culture
JF  - English Language, Literature & Culture
JO  - English Language, Literature & Culture
SP  - 7
EP  - 13
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2575-2413
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ellc.20180301.12
AB  - With the multi-polarization trend of the world, the cooperation and conflicts between the superpower the United States and rising China have been augmenting simultaneously, among which the mutual criticism upon democracy turns out to be one of the most remarkable controversies. Bilateral condemnations concentrate on the judgment that the democracy of the counterpart is superficial, insufficient or even autocracy at all, therefore the mutual understandings of democracy in both countries appears harsh and prejudicial. Through analyzing and comparing the essential democratic institutions of the United States and China, similarities and differences in political practices of both countries are to be analyzed. On the basis of comparison, assisted by the Radial Network Model of Stereotypes, the process of stereotyping and prejudice on democracy is to be studied to discover its origin as bilateral political antagonism and hostility between different ideologies. From the perspective of Majority and Minority Identities, the development divergence and interaction between the minority identity of China’s democracy and majority identity of American democracy are examined, leading to the proposition of Identity-Empathy in democracy between the two countries.
VL  - 3
IS  - 1
ER  -

Copy | Download